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Encyclopedia of Tours and Travel to Jammu & Kashmir, featuring information on Fairs & Festivals, Wildlife, Excursion, Adventure and Weather of Jammu & Kashmir. |
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Jammu and Kashmir - India travel & tourism information
Jammu and Kashmir came into being as a single political and geographical
entity following the Treaty of Amristar between the British Government
and Gulab singh signed on March 16, 1846. The Treaty handed over
the control of the Kashmir State to the Dogra ruler of Jammu who
had earlier annexed Ladakh. Thus a new State comprising three distinct
religions of Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh was formed with Maharaja
Gulab Singh as its founder ruler. The feudal dispensation in the
State, however, was too harsh for the people to live under and towards
the end of a hundred years of this rule when their Indian brethren
were fighting for independence from the British under the inspiring
leadership of Mahatma Gandhi and Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru, the Kashmiris
led by a towering personality, the Sher-I-Kashmir Sheikh Mohammad
Abdullah, rose against the autocracy. The autocratic rule came down
heavily on the people’s freedom movement. However, the people
laid their lives in the cause of freedom and to uphold the ideals
of secularism, equality, democracy and brotherhood. 
The high point of the movement was July 13, 1931 when 22 protesters were martyred. The event strengthened the movement and contrary to the expectations of the then rulers, the peopled emerged more determined in their resolution to seek an end to autocratic rule. By the time the rulers could realise the futility of breaking the will of the people with the might of the State, the National Conference, headed by Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah, had become a mass movement and a force to reckon with. It broke the barriers of region and religion and became a popular and secular voice of the people of the State whose collective yearning was freedom from autocracy and the establishment of a popular rule. The people’s movement spearheaded by the National Conference saw several ups and downs with its leaders particularly the Sher-I-Kashmir suffering vissitudes and long internment.
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